Understanding Git
A Beginner's Guide
Understanding Git
Introduction
Git is a distributed version control system (DVCS) used for tracking changes in source code during software development. It's essential for collaboration and managing project history.
Git Basics
Setting up a Git repository (git init, clone)
To start using Git, you first need to initialize a repository or clone an existing one.
# Initialize a new repository git init
# Clone an existing repository git clone <repository_url>
Common commands (add, commit, push, pull)
These are some of the most frequently used Git commands:
# Add changes to the staging area git add .
# Commit changes with a message git commit -m "Your commit message"
# Push changes to a remote repository git push origin main
# Pull changes from a remote repository git pull origin main
git status to check the status of your working directory and staging area.Hands-on: Collaborating with Git
Collaboration with Git involves branching, merging, and resolving conflicts. Here's a basic workflow:
- Create a branch:
git checkout -b feature/new-feature - Make changes, add, and commit.
- Push the branch:
git push origin feature/new-feature - Create a pull request on your platform (e.g., GitHub, GitLab).
- Merge after review.
Summary
- Git is a powerful tool for version control.
- Mastering basic commands like
add,commit,push, andpullis crucial. - Collaboration involves branching, merging, and pull requests.
- Always use descriptive commit messages.